Rant on Teenage Love Essay Example

Tirade on Teenage Love Paper In today’s society, high school love is viewed as a subject for various feelings. Most grown-ups expect that young people are juvenile to get love. As a young person, I accept that everybody in this world is able to adore regardless of how old they are. Love for loved ones are the same as the affection we have towards another person. Anyway connections between two adolescents are frequently adversely decided by others. I emphatically concur that mankind was made to cherish at no specific age. I dont perceive how age has anything to do with development either. Ive seen a lot of grown-ups who have no astuteness and commit more errors then the normal young person. Love is a human quality that every single individual need and is something we can't live without in this world. Grown-ups normally remain against high school love since they in all likelihood have begun to look all starry eyed at as youngsters and got their hearts broken. Presently as grown-ups, they wish that somebody had disclosed to them the outcomes that they are attempting to reveal to us now. It’s likely that most grown-ups have committed errors in affection when they were young people that they can never return and fix and along these lines feel sympathy for adolescents. We will compose a custom exposition test on Rant on Teenage Love explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom paper test on Rant on Teenage Love explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom paper test on Rant on Teenage Love explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer Grown-ups are frequently anticipating their own misfortunes and fears onto adolescent connections. Adolescents need encounters in affection to assist them with seeing progressively about what love really is. On the off chance that we experience fruitless connections, it will help fortify us truly, intellectually and inwardly. I likewise believe that connections will lead us to settle on better decisions later on. â€Å"The significant thing is this: to be capable, at any second, to forfeit what we are really going after we could turn into. † Maharishi Mahesh Yogi. This statement sets up that affection is tied in with giving up and getting information consequently. Most grown-ups who are against high school love are guardians who have young people. These guardians may not be set up for their kid to be seeing someone they are over-defensive. There’s nothing amiss with ensuring your youngster anyway when you are over-defensive, it might cause negative impacts. For example, a few guardians sabotage their children’s trust in their own capacities to deal with themselves and complete things. Also, grown-ups who are over-defensive are really reassuring their child’s dread of disappointment to such an extent that they are denied the opportunity to figure out how to drive forward. I dont believe that being overprotective truly helps youngsters to the extent how we’ll make due in reality when we grow up and dont have their folks with every one of us the time. We should settle on choices for ourselves. At the end of the day, young people need these odds to encounter more in and around adoration. Love is a wonderful thing that everybody ought to be urged to understanding. Adolescents ought not be kept away from adoration due to our age or others and their sentiments.

Ja-sin-gam in Kimchi soup free essay sample

Raindrops tumbling from the overhang get the yellow light emissions road light. As they dribble onto the window outline, drops of gold disperse and sprinkle into the dimness. Dribble drop, trickle drop, dribble drop. I circumspectly extended my arm outside the window, contacting the new and cool drops of downpour. It was quiet aside from the musical dribble drop of falling precipitation on my hand. Be that as it may, the isolation was broken, as my mom thumped on my entryway. â€Å"Min-Kyung, it’s time to go. Don’t neglect to bring your umbrella.† It is the season when downpour perpetually pours on the earth. It is additionally the season when my grandma disclosed to me stories on the bamboo floor, sitting with her legs tucked underneath her and with my head in her lap. Furthermore, today is actually eight years after I defeated from mental break after my stupendous mother’s passing. â€Å"Min-Kyung, this year, you deal with your grandmother’s picture until we show up at your grandmother’s grave,† my dad said. We will compose a custom paper test on Ja-sin-gam in Kimchi soup or on the other hand any comparative subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page I held the base edge of an image outline. Her representation photo was white-and-dark, yellowish at the edge, possessing a scent like her modest blend. My grandma was a run of the mill Korean grandma, who cooked an extraordinary Kim chi soup for her family’s morning supper, who closed up the gaps in her children’s garments by hand, who wanted to recount stories to her granddaughter, who consistently remain next for me. Nobody would envision she was one of the not very many Korean ladies who moved on from a school during the Japanese occupation. Nobody would envision she was the old drug specialist offering free prescriptions to shelters when everyone in my nation languished over absence of clinical supplies during the 1960s. At the point when I was seven years of age, I had a clench hand battle with my kindergarten colleague; he taunted me since I was unable to do even straightforward expansion in math. Three feet, nine inches tall, seeping on my leg, I was loaded up wi th outrage and requested that my grandma rebuff my colleague for me. In any case, my grandma plunked down tenderly, altering her eye level to my eye level. She tapped my rumpled dark hair and stated, â€Å"Min-Kyung, attempt to prevail upon yourself, not prevail upon others. It is essential to have ja-sin-gam, a solid trust in yourself. Try not to let others debilitate you.† I was unable to get her; I felt double-crossed. I put my grandmother’s picture before her grave. In the breeze and downpour, I could smell the recognizable scents of wet trees blended in with old blend. I can't tune in to my grandmother’s stories with my head lying in her lap on stormy days any longer. However, I can even now hear the beat of raindrops trickling on the bamboo floor. I can in any case smell the scent of splashed bamboo after downpour. What's more, presently, finally, I can comprehend what she revealed to me eleven years prior. Ja-sin-gam urges me forward.

Blog Archive New York University (Stern) Essay Analysis, 20102011

Blog Archive New York University (Stern) Essay Analysis, 2010â€"2011 1. Professional Aspirations (750-word maximum, double-spaced, 12-point font) Think about the decisions you have made in your life. Answer the following: (a) What choices have you made that led you to your current position? (b) Why pursue an MBA at this point in your life? (c) What is your career goal upon graduation from NYU Stern? What is your long-term career goal? Because Personal Statements are similar from one application to the next, we have produced the mbaMission Personal Statement Guide, which helps applicants write this style of essay for any school. We offer this guide to candidates free of charge, via our online store.  Please feel free to download your copy today. For a thorough exploration of NYU Stern’s academic program/merits, defining characteristics, crucial statistics, social life, academic environment and more, please check out the mbaMission Insider’s Guide to the Leonard N. Stern School of Business. 2. Your Stern Experience (500-word maximum, double-spaced, 12-point font) We take great care to shape the Stern community with individuals who possess both intellectual and interpersonal strengths. We seek individuals who are highly intelligent, collaborative and committed to flourishing as Stern leaders. Please answer the following questions: (a) What is your personal experience with the Stern community? Tell us what actions you have taken to learn about us. (b) Describe what most excites you about Stern from both an academic and extracurricular perspective. (c) How do you anticipate making your mark on the Stern community? Be specific about the roles you will take on and the impact you hope to achieve. New York City is an incredible asset for an MBA program, because it keeps students close to professional opportunities and attracts many great business school candidates who simply love the city. However, from NYU’s perspective, New York City can also be a liability, because many students who were working and/or living in the city before joining the MBA program can tend to focus on maintaining their pre-business school lives, rather than immersing themselves in the Stern community as the school would like. Thus, the school is determined to select candidates who are truly ready to contribute to and participate in the Stern community, and this essay is a first step in weeding out those who have not done their homework, who may not be ready to commit fully or who simply do not understand the nature of the experience. To make your impression on the admissions committee, you will need to discuss your firsthand experience(s) with the school, gained via personal interactions with alumni, students and/or admissions officers, and especially via a campus visit. Applicants who live abroad can learn a great deal about the school and its community by speaking with students or alumni by phone or by attending Stern outreach events held outside the United States. Discussing repeated visits to the school’s Web site and only referencing information found there will show that you have achievedâ€"and investedâ€"no more than the bare minimum. Demonstrating evidence that you have thoroughly researched the program and identified true connections between yourself and Stern’s offerings is vital. In addition, as you explore the topic of “what most excites you about Stern from an academic and extracurricular perspective” in your essay, take care to not just offer a long list of various classes, professors and clubs. Instead, focus on the ones that are most applicable to your interests and goals, and illustrate direct connections between these resources and your aspirations. (Please consult the aforementioned free mbaMission Personal Statement Guide for examples.) Similarly, when discussing your anticipated “mark on the community,” you must do more than enumerate the clubs you plan to join. Remember, the school wants to see “impact” and specificity, so the more detail you can provide about how you will participate in the school’s community and how your participation will benefit the whole, the better. 3. Personal Expression Please describe yourself to your MBA classmates. You may use almost any method to convey your message (e.g. words, illustrations). Feel free to be creative. If you will submit Essay 3 via mail or by providing an online link, please provide a brief description of your submission and its relevance to your MBA application. Please note the following guidelines and restrictions: Your submission becomes the property of NYU Stern and cannot be returned for any reason. If you submit a written essay, it should be 500 words maximum, double-spaced, 12-point font. If you have a multimedia submission, you may: Mail a CD, DVD or USB flash drive. Include an online link in your submission description. The Admissions Committee reserves the right to request an alternate Essay 3 if we are unable to view your submission. In NYU Stern’s famed essay three, you are offered a phenomenal opportunity to differentiate yourself from the rest of the applicant pool in two distinct ways. First, you can do so via the vehicle by which you choose to reveal your persona. By using a creative and captivating format, you can grab the admissions committee’s interest and compel your reader to pay closer attention to your content. However, be sure to consider the possible limitations of certain clever options in conjunction with their uniqueness. For example, although a baseball card may be aesthetically pleasing, this format severely limits the amount of information you can convey because of its size and anticipated style. Instead, if you were to submit a eulogy theoretically written by your best friend (do not use this idea; it is now public), the format would be sufficiently broad to allow you to touch on all that is unique about your profile. The second way in which this essay question allows you to differentiate yourself is through your content. Ideally, you will use this opportunity to showcase a diversity of professional, personal, academic and community accomplishments that you were not able to share in essays one and two. Essay three allows you to reveal your true personality and “likeability” beyond your professional/academic competencies. One important note: NYU Stern is now accepting multimedia presentations, but you should not feel compelled to use this option and should not worry about your Web design or video production skills relative to others’ if you do choose this method. Content trumps style. In fact, at a recent mbaMission event, we interviewed various admissions officers, students and alumni from NYU Stern who spoke of some incredibly simple essay threes that captivated the admissions committeeâ€"many of which were straightforward essays! Share ThisTweet 2010-2011 MBA Essay Analysis New York University (Stern)

The Song of Roland and Christianity - 1483 Words

Song of Roland and Christianity The Song of Roland is indeed a Christian poem. Of this, there is no question. However, it is a medieval version of Christianity that it presents, and not one that would be something familiar to the early Christians or to the actual followers of Jesus of Nazareth. By the time the Song of Roland was written, Christianity had changed drastically from its early days. Instead of being a mild, humble, and peaceful group of persecuted people who were outside the norms of society (Pearson 2009, 221), Christianity had become powerful. It had become accepted as the official religion of most of Europe, and the idea to convert others by force had become an attractive one. The people of the Middle Ages took Jesuss command to go out and become fishers of men (meaning to bring the word of God and the message of Jesus to whoever they could) to mean to go out and forcibly capture those men and make them convert or die. Christianity had become more violent than the religion of peace that it was when it began. The Song of Roland reflects this. If there is one thing the Song of Roland is, it is a product of its times. It was written around the time of the first Crusade, when the Christian people of Europe were eager to go out and reclaim the lands where Jesus had lived and secure them for Christianity. The Middle East, where Jesus had lived, was ruled by Muslims at this time, and that was just not acceptable to European Christians. Armed warfare wasShow MoreRelatedEssay about Christendom and The Song of Roland1119 Words   |  5 PagesThe Song of Roland is the oldest epic poem in French, written by an anonymous poet, composed in between late eleven century to twelfth century. This epic poetry holds an important place in the history of France and invention of Christendom. The Song of Roland is a cultural artifact that takes us to the journey of Medieval Europe, when religion becomes an important element for the formation of proto-Europe. Religion plays a crucial role in The Song of Roland and becomes the reason of criticis m. SomeRead MoreThe Middle Ages Essay1695 Words   |  7 PagesThe Song of Roland is the Emblem of the Middle Ages The Middle Ages was an era of invasions. It was a dark time in England and across Europe. Where Islam was taking over, the crusades had to take action against that and spread Christianity instead. Values and beliefs were driven from the church. On the other hand, Feudalism, which stands for â€Å"the power of the land† was taking over. All these incidents and more inspired the poets and writers to create literature that expressed what was happening inRead MoreThe Song Of Roland And The Iliad933 Words   |  4 Pages The Song of Roland and The Iliad are both epics that represent the cultural viewpoints of medieval France, and Ancient Greece, respectively. The Song of Roland, based on historical fact, details the heroism of one of Charlemagne’s knights, Roland, when fighting against an overwhelming force of foreigners to defend the rear of Charlemagne’s army. In comparison, The Iliad accounts the triumphs of Achilles during the mythical Trojan Wars to win possessi on over the beauty of Helen. Despite similaritiesRead MoreOral Tradition And The Middle Ages1163 Words   |  5 Pagestogether to fight the â€Å"outsider† enemy. These â€Å"outsiders† were viewed as being different based on their life, religious, and/or cultural views. Two of the most significant elements in defining how epics create nations are the effects war and Christianity had on the culture. The epic of Beowulf was successful in defining Anglo-Saxon culture. War was noteworthy in unifying the tribes because it played a major role in keeping the comitatus strong. The comitatus was part of the Germanic tribal organizationRead MoreWhat Is The Theme Of The Song Of Roland1747 Words   |  7 PagesThe Song of Roland is the foundation of the French literary tradition. One of the earliest poems written in French, it describes the process by which France left behind its Germanic past as a loose confederation of powerful families and accepted its future as a Christian nation united by loyalties to king and country. This story is told as a clash of powerful personalities who are together engaged in a holy war against the Muslims in Spain. Unfortunately, the role of ignorance and jealousy combiningRead MoreReligion In Dantes Inferno By Dante Alighieri And Song Of Roland1502 Words   |  7 PagesThe two works that I have chosen is, Inferno by Dante Alighieri and Song of Roland by Unknown author. The pursuit or interest to which both of the main characters ascribed to as supreme importance is Jesus Christ of Nazareth through Christianity. Christianity is based on the Bible as sacred scripture, and professed by Eastern, Roman Catholic and protestant bodies. According to the class lecture notes, â€Å"Much of Christianity includes sacraments like baptism and the follower are considered saintsRead MoreReligious Conflicts in The Song of Roland1326 Words   |  5 PagesThe French epic, The Song of Roland, relates the conflicts between Christians and Muslims in 778 A.D. In it, Charlemagne and his men, weary in their seventh year of battle against pagan forces in Spain, have captured every heathen stronghold but the kingdom of Saragossa, held by the Muslim king Marsile. Terrified of the might of Charlemagne’s army, Marsile promises treasures, hostages and his conversion to Christianity if the Franks will go back to France. However, Marsile has no intention of surrenderingRead More Prejudice in The Song of Roland Essay1718 Words   |  7 PagesPrejudice in The Song of Roland Unfortunately, the role of ignorance and jealousy combining to breed fear and hatred is a recurring theme in history ultimately exhibiting itself in the form of prejudice. As demonstrated through the altering of historical events in The Song of Roland, the conflict between the Christian and Islamic religions takes precedence over the more narrow scope of any specific battle and is shaped, at least in part by the blind perception of a prejudice born of the ignoranceRead MoreThe Song Of Roland : The Pagan And Christian Perspective1391 Words   |  6 Pages In the Song of Roland, although the concept of honor, a concern for personal honor, public opinion and ethics are explored in both the pagan and Christian perspective, the plot of the epic largely views the Christian to be right and pagans wrong. Although there are many references of pagan characteristics, some of which are praised, ultimately the religious beliefs of the pagans are used to overshadow their strengths. Below, evidence of the Christian ethics overshadowing the pagan perspective areRead MoreEssay on Middle Ages- Catholic Church1744 Words   |  7 Pages St. Augustine, a Christian, observed the chaos around him as the Vandals sacked Rome in 410. The sack of Rome is the marker of the end of the old Roman Empire. The people of Rome felt their old gods were punishing them for converting to Christianity. St. Augustine, though, offered a different argument, an argument which instead described earthly happiness and success as something for pagans, while believers of God would have eternal happiness in the city of God. He describes, â€Å"Accordingly

A Interview About The Word Entrepreneur Means - 1825 Words

Many ideas come to mind when asked what the word entrepreneur means. It is someone who organizes and creates their own business; an employer of productive labor. Really, it is so much more than that. It is an all consuming task that is risky. What its mantra should be is the phrase go big or go home. I discovered this notion while venturing out to New York City to interview Megan Cariola, owner of a local, organic shop located nearby the South Street Seaport. I wanted to get the complete experience by speaking to her in person and observing her first hand, rather than merely communicating through email. I chose Cariola for this assignment because I have shopped at her store when I lived in Manhattan, and ever since we met I have aspired to one day open my own business. As a female, it is refreshing to see that women can make it as entrepreneurs in today’s world. Cariola s business is named Provisions. I immediately began to explore the store and I noticed how organized she w as. Everything was labeled and filed and the merchandise was perfectly coordinated. She has wonderful display tables’ setup where customers could test out almost every product that was being offered for sale at the store. From the decadent organic chocolate, to the vast array of olive oils, and artisan cheeses and sausage selection she carries, customers could not get enough. What a genius idea! A customer can test out all of the options before they make a final purchasing decision,Show MoreRelatedWays to Establish a Small Business Essay1182 Words   |  5 Pagesspeculating the prices, and finally promoting. When working on something, whether it is starting a new business, doing presentations, or even organizing a meeting; everything must be planned first to make sure that it can run smoothly. Planning something means able to determine the objective or purpose of doing it besides to determine the objectives, planning is mandatory to prevent fatal mistakes due to the lack of experience and ineffective strategy. In a business world, strategy, connections, and backupRead MoreHow Entrepreneurs Can Make a Splash in the Middle of an Ocean of Content855 Words   |  3 PagesHow Entrepreneurs Can Make a Splash in the Middle of an Ocean of Content If you are an entrepreneur like I am and are honest with yourself, you will admit that making a big splash with your content is nowhere near as easy as it used to be. A few years ago you could write top 10 lists and other types of shallow content (often referred to as link bait) that would bring some traffic to your site by reaching out to influential bloggers and through sites like StumbleUpon, Delicious and Digg. Well,Read MoreA Master Mind By Napoleon Hill820 Words   |  4 PagesThe term mastermind is a current buzzword among entrepreneurs. Although it might be nice to have a supergenius like Lex Luthor on your side, the term mastermind, in the context of business, has nothing to do with comic book supervillains. The term was first coined by Napoleon Hill in his famous 1925 book â€Å"The Law of Success.† In the book, a master mind (two words at that time) was his way of describing the benefits of cooperation among business colleagues. The book itself was a good example ofRead MoreThe Writings Of Business Field And Communication Field1420 Words   |  6 PagesWriting is a form of communication that writers use words to express their feelings and what they want to say to others. However, readers may misunderstand or some may not completely get the information while reading the writings. In order to avoid it, readers should understand the format or the style of the writer that we are reading because it helps us understand and find the information that we want easier. By comparing the writings of business field and communication field, we will recognizeRead MoreThe Intersection Between Globalization And Local Entrepreneurship1499 Words   |  6 Pagesoperating costs.† (Mathews an d Zander, 2009, p. 388) To ensure and get relevant and useful information for this report, newly established recent businesses were targeted, which gave the opportunity to get a deeper insight into the minds of the entrepreneurs, their journey and what they think the future of their business might look like. After sneaking around newly established businesses, â€Å"Dreadnought Pub† which was established in November 2016, was the perfect business for the report, to get valuableRead MoreStephen Gill : An Entrepreneur Of The Countrys Fastest Growing Private Companies1535 Words   |  7 PagesBackground Stephen Gill is a young, motivated entrepreneur that started out with a laundry list of ideas that have now landed him on Inc Magazine’s annual ranking of the country’s fastest-growing private companies. Gill recalls that he has considered himself an entrepreneur all his life. With this mentality, Gill, 27, went on to become a graduate of Rowan University’s Rohrer College of Business with a bachelor’s degree in Entrepreneurship and Marketing. During his degree, he says that the overallRead MoreSkills and Competencies of a 21st Century Entrepreneur2580 Words   |  11 PagesPREPARATION 3 ENTREPRENEUR IN AN ORGANISATION 4 ENTREPRENEUR AS AN INDIVIDUAL 5 ENTREPRENEUR WITHIN THE SOCIETY 5 CONCLUSION 6 RECOMMENDATION 6 REFERENCES 7 ANNOTATED BIBILIOGRAPHY 8 APPENDIX 9 INTRODUCTION Various definitions have been given to the word entrepreneur, due to the changes and complexity of the world’s economic structure. Entrepreneurs have been cussed and discussed, declared to be social misfits and bastions of the private enterprise system. â€Å"An entrepreneur sees an opportunityRead MoreHottest Challenges Faced By Entrepreneurs Today1018 Words   |  5 PagesHottest Challenges Faced by Entrepreneurs Today (1) Finding Talents – Selecting Wisely and Keeping Permanently Talent – a vital word which can always be found here and there when corporations and business owners come to talk about innovation, new ideas and development. They need talent in its best form. They search for it all around the globe to meet the challenges that threaten to crumble their business. This commodity is rare and putting your choice on the right person is not easy but if you makeRead MoreHow Does Lovallo And Kahneman s Inside View?1650 Words   |  7 PagesQuestion 1) How does Lovallo and Kahneman’s â€Å"inside view† (â€Å"Delusions of Success†) differ from the â€Å"outside view†? Contrast the entrepreneur and venture capitalist. How can a firm or organization maximize the extent to which its managers take the outside view in their decisions? Individuals and organizations are often influenced by the â€Å"inside view† when making decisions. Excessive optimism leads decision makers to budget, plan for, and forecast outcomes of important projects based on their specificRead MoreThe True Origin Of The Word Entrepreneurship Essay2564 Words   |  11 PagesThe word entrepreneurship is a very diverse on what it means. The true origin of the word entrepreneur come from the word â€Å"entreprende† which is a French word that means â€Å"to undertake†. In the eighteenth century, a businessman named Richard Cantillon referred to entrepreneurs as â€Å"undertakers†, making him the first person to use the word in a business aspect. Today the word entrepreneur has been adopted to describe a specific group of people with certain characteristics. Today, Pinchot university

Malala s Journey Is Important For Females Education

When Malala was shot on October 10, 2014, it sent waves around the world. It was making education a household word, everyone was talking about it. Various opinions on how females should be educated, whether or not they deserve an education arose. Malala’s journey was important for females education because it was no longer something that could be ignored, it became a social issue that everyone would become passionate about like Malala. Like Malala said, â€Å"When the world is silent, one voice becomes powerful.† Her voice stood out, millions of people were listening to her, which is exactly what the Taliban did not want. Her voice could spark the world to question what they were doing, creating anarchy among those they control. Her being shot was the Taliban’s way of trying to silence her voice. That did not work if anything Malala’s voice became louder and stronger. The world was watching her recover, watching her grow stronger and continue her education . The Taliban only made Malala stronger and more inspired to ensure education equality for everyone. Malala said in her book, â€Å"We realize the importance of our voices only when we are silenced.† Malala saw the impact she could have in the fight for education equality when the Taliban shot her. She was making waves around the world, bringing to light what was happening in Pakistan, but also many countries around the world that are also being affected by educational inequality. After her shooting, that passion was madeShow MoreRelatedMalala Yousafzai : Fighting For Education Essay1177 Words   |  5 PagesNovember 6th, 2016 Malala Yousafzai: Fighting For Education The right to education is one important fundamental justice that everyone should have, but most times that right is denied. There s many reasons why people, states or countries may not take education seriously. Pakistan is one country that has the most curtailment on education towards women. Malala Yousafazi became a young activist, she stood up for her people in Pakistan to restore the rights of education to women. Her journey began when sheRead MoreEssay On Malala Yousafzai983 Words   |  4 PagesI can’t smile or blink properly, I told her. I’m still me, Malala. The important thing is God has given me my life .†Ã‚   Malala Yousafzai was born July 12,1997 in Mingora, Pakistan located the Swat Valley. She was the first born of Ziauddin and Tor Pekai Yousafzai, but she also has two younger brothers.   Malala had a thirst for knowledge2 early in her life since her father undoubtedly supported education and ran a school. Malala told stories, through her father, about how when she was littleRead MoreThe Current Male Of Female Literacy Ratio1237 Words   |  5 Pagesfor many girls around the world. People all around the world have tried to find a solution, but the best answer is an education. Most boy and men do not have this problem because in most cultures it is only acceptable to educate males. 62 million girls around the world are not in school. Millions more are fighting just to stay in their schools. In Pakistan, the current male to female literacy ratio is still at 65:40. An estimated 31 million girls of primary school age and 32 million girls of lowerRead MoreMalala Yousafzai The Girl with a Voice Essay2532 Words   |  11 PagesFinal Paper May 6, 2013 Malala Yousafzai, â€Å"The Girl with a Voice† For young women in Swat Valley, a district in the northwest frontier province of Mingora, Pakistan, having basic rights such as an education is an issue that has been fought for since its existence. Malala Yousafzai daughter of activist Ziauddin Yousafzai is one of many unfortunate young women who have felt the wrath and despair of the Pakistani Taliban regarding this issue. In comprehension of this paper, I will convey toRead MoreKoranic Laws Give Any Of Emancipation For Women3033 Words   |  13 Pagescustody of children and education. One of the principles of Islam is to give due importance to the newborn, boy or girl. The father is required to guarantee his children their livelihood dice). The right of education. Knowledge occupies a prominent place among the principles of Islam. It is an obligation for every Muslim and Muslim learn and know [...] God will exalt those of you who believe and those who have been granted knowledge [...] Qur an 58/11. Thus, the education and instruction of womenRead MoreFeminism : The Advocacy Of Women s Rights On The Basis Of Equality1934 Words   |  8 Pagessurrounding the feminist movement. Influential women are Mary Wollstonecraft, who wrote A Vindication of The Rights of Women, Susan B. Anthony wrote The Revolution, Benazir Bhutto, the first Muslim woman to become Prime Minister, Malala Yousafzai who fought for the education of girls, Beyonce who preaches the gospel of strong women in and out of the music scene, and plenty more beautifully influential women. Disney movies introduce the independence, strength, and rights of women to the younger generations

Importance of Music During the Civil War Essay Example For Students

Importance of Music During the Civil War Essay It was a war between the north, or the Union, and the south, or the Confederacy over slavery. The Union had an army of nearly two million soldiers, while the south had approximately half because of their population differences. About 620,000 total soldiers died from combat, starvation, disease, or even accident. The civil war was the bloodiest battle in the history of our country and resulted in the greatest number of casualties compared to any of American war. Soldiers who fought in the civil war witnessed and experienced countless sights of death and sorrow. In order for spirits to be raised and for them to be distracted from war, music was often played or sung. Music was however played and sung before the civil war; there were many singing schools and music institutes in the country. American citizens had a great love for music; therefore, when the soldiers went to fight in the war, they took their love of music with them. TO help soldiers get though the five years of combat in the civil war, they played, sung, ND listened to music all throughout the day. Music helped to pass time one soldier had written a letter to his wife saying that war was 99% boredom and 1% sheer terror. Every other soldier would probably agree with this statement, which is why they resorted to music. Other reasons about the importance of music during the civil war was it entertained and comforted soldiers, it brought back memories of home and family, it strengthened bonds between companions and made new bonds between strangers, it helped soldiers forget how homesick they were, it raised roping spirits, it eased boredom, it was a distraction from the bloodshed, it was a way to express the feelings of the soldiers that they could not express with words, and it helped create a sense of national identity and unity for the Confederacy. The more difficult the times during the war, the more they associated themselves with music. To add on, music was played when soldiers marched onto the battlefield, in camp, in trenches, in the guardhouse, and even during battle; armies marched to the heroic rhythms of drums and often of brass bands. Around camp there was usually a fiddler or guitarist or banjo player at work, and voices to sing the favorite songs of the era. Music was also played for the soldiers daily routines and calls. To explain, it was played to awake the soldiers; they were awoken at five oclock in the morning during summer and six oclock in the morning during winter. Thirty minutes later, Peas on a Trencher was played to notify that it was time to eat breakfast. It was used for the sick call for ill soldiers and the guard mounting call at eight oclock in the morning. It was then played again while the sergeant major inspected the soldiers and told them their specific duties for the day.

Relationship between Trade and Development

Introduction/Background on trade Trade and development relate considerably. They are able to influence the fates and providences of each other. Modern techniques of transportation, transactions, and communications have enhanced the growth of international trade.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Relationship between Trade and Development specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Records retrieved from GATT, WTO, OPEC, and other international trade organizations have shown tremendous relationships between trade and development (World Bank 364). This report discusses how trade can be a pro-developmental provision and the relationship between the two groups. Usually, the relationship between a country’s trade and its economic development has always been a subject of interest. For example, developing states possess strong trade relations with other countries globally. Views of Different Schools of Thought According to Ad am Smith in his classical theory, free trade often leads to efficient use of a country’s resources. Contextually, it is important to agree that free trade improves economic performance by increasing competition of the concerned entities. Current prospects for a new WTO agreement are to enhance international trade by uplifting probable barriers, which the GS would like to keep. Different parts of the world will fare well while Africa will benefit through magnificent developments. Additionally, various countries should embrace the aspects of specialization and division of labor in order to enhance their output. For example, it is agreeable that trade and development are linked either positively or negatively depending on how a country establishes and utilizes its trade opportunities. Trade triggers the aspects of development since different entities can attain their respective developmental needs through it. Numerous countries have attained their developmental ideas and materia ls through integrated trade and other relevant provisions. It is possible for a given country to attain what it does not produce through trade (Greenaway 49). For example, these provisions have been supported by GATT/WTO, OECD, OPEC, and other prominent organizations established to promote the aspects of global trade and other concerned provisions.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Different hypothesis, theories, and models Numerous theories exist in order to unveil the relationship between trade and development. Additionally, there are particular theories that explain various aspects of trade and development. These have helped in relating the two factions together and enhancing the relationships alleged between them. Additionally, hypothesis has been formulated to trigger viable research regarding the alleged relationships. It is important to enhance the aspects of trade and development in order to propel the prosperity of the concerned countries, regions, and organizations. Theoretically, trade enhances development in various organizations, regions, and countries. This is a critical concern when scrutinized critically. It is from this context that the entire business prospects and other relevant provisions lie. Additionally, trade models can influence the nature of development, which a country assumes. Arguments for and against the above theories Theories supporting the relationship between trade and development are vital in this context. For example, it is agreeable that numerous countries globally have exploited the opportunities fronted by trade in order to develop tremendously. This has been quite important in diverse contexts. Hypothetically, it is important to illuminate the alleged relationships (UNCTD 65). Nonetheless, there are arguments that might defy the positions assumed by the mentioned theories. It is agreeable that there can be no relat ionship between trade and development as alleged by some theories. Some countries can develop minus the assumed trade. There are various avenues through which organizations, entities, and some countries can develop minus trade. Current issues facing trade and development relationships There are various issues facing trade and developmental relationships. Some of these factors have contributed negatively to the mentioned provisions. Contextually, they have affected the wellbeing of the alleged relationships between trade and development indicated before. Contextually, market access is one of the issues affecting the aspects of trade. For example, access to markets in developed countries can enhance the aspects of development thus help in reducing poverty. This indicates how trade relates positively to development. The current prospects for the new WTO are to enhance the flowage of trade among the member countries globally. For examples, several Asian, American, African, and European countries have joined the organization in order to open up their markets, enhance international trade, and promote their developmental issues. Previously, GATT was signed in 1946 and lasted until 1993.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Relationship between Trade and Development specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The organization was then replaced by the WTO in 1995 to open up markets and enhance accessibility. For example, WTO handles the global rules of trade amid nations. Principally, it ensures that trade flows as efficiently, predictably, and liberally. It thus promotes the relationship between trade and development. Additionally, various countries are influenced by varying political factors. This eventually affects the aspects of development in case such factors are unconstructive. The situation is critical in various contexts (Babkina 84). The political situation of any given region can affect the mentioned de velopment besides the ability to hinder the needed universal trade provisions. It is recommended that the concerned countries endeavoring to enhance their trading opportunities should adopt substantial political provisions in order to favor their trading endeavors. Nevertheless, for the least-developed countries (most of the African countries for example), the principal problem is not market access, but inadequate production capacity to attain new trading opportunities. Another issue influencing the relationship between trade and development is the trade barriers. For example, high tariffs imposed on agricultural goods and other prominent commodities have discouraged diversification and developmental endeavors. Additionally, strong and complex tariffs have blocked the mentioned market access and development provisions. Another hindrance to the mentioned relationship is the lack of capacity. For example, some countries have poor infrastructures. This eventually hinders the aspects of trade and other relevant developmental issues. Another issue facing the trade and development relationships is the legal matters governing the aspects of trade. These can be enacted locally or internationally as evident in the GATT and WTO’s contexts. Uncooperative legal matters can hinder the aspects of trade. This will eventually affect trading provisions. It is crucial to consider these cases in the context of trade and development (Lee 36). Similarly, the rules set by international trade organizations have influenced the relationships between trade and development (Narlikar 59). There are some countries which are barred by such legislations in the context of trading. Some countries have been banned from international trade due to misconduct or failure to adhere to some stipulated rules and regulations.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This provision has eventually affected the aspects of development in such countries. Additionally, independence attained by various countries has also influenced the aspects of trade. For example, development was historically perceived as a problem to be solved by foreign aids and loans from developed countries in the East and West. Another considerable issue in this context is the aspects of technology. Technology has enhanced transactions, international cash transfers, communication aspects, and transportation of commodities from one region to the next. This provision has eventually influenced development as alleged earlier. Through technology and trade, it is possible to attain development (OECD 63). Any factor that influences the provisions of trade eventually influences developmental issues. Another issue is globalization. It is evident that globalization has enhanced the aspects of international trade hence eventually influencing developmental issues in various countries, regi ons, and organizations. Globalization has massively influenced the relationships between trade and development by expanding their provisions and elaborating the nature of the concerned relationships. Concurrently, social and cultural issues can actually influence the relationship between trade and development (Ajami 46). Various communities, regions, and countries have their social and cultural provisions, which can influence their participation in trade and other relevant provisions. Negative social and cultural provisions have always hindered trade and developmental issues. Personal Opinion Critically, it is important to agree that trade and development have considerable relationships as indicated earlier. It is obvious that the promotion of trade will eventually enhance developmental provisions despite the challenges. This is a critical provision as exhibited before. The approaches given to these factors have influenced their fates in the trade and developmental contexts. This is a critical provision indicating the relationship between trade and development. The schools of thought bestowed to this topic have considerable disparities in their provisions. No approach is appropriate as alleged; nonetheless, it is important for each provision to discern prospected relationships between trade and development. Various opening markets have influence the aspects of trade and operations of WTO. Continents like Africa have benefited considerable from the aspects of trade and development. Conclusion Conclusively, there is substantial relationship between trade and development. Several schools of thought have tried to discern this allegation. Nevertheless, theories, hypothesis, and models endeavoring to discern the relationship between trade and development are evident in this context. Concurrently, there are current issues facing trade and developmental relationships. Evidently, trade can be a pro-developmental provision. Works Cited Ajami, Riad. International Busines s: Theory and Practice. Armonk, NY: M.E. Sharpe, 2006. Print. Babkina, Ankras. World Trade Organization: issues and bibliography. Huntington, NY, Nova Science Publication, 2000. Print. Greenaway, David. The World Economy: Global Trade Policy 2011. Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell, 2012. Print. Lee, Byung-Hwa. Fdi from Developing Countries: A Vector for Trade and Development. Paris: OECD Publishing, 2002. Print. Narlikar, Amrita. The World Trade Organization: A Very Short Introduction. Oxford: Oxford Univ. Press, 2005. Print. OECD. World Economic Situation and Prospects 2010. New York, NY: United Nations, 2010. Print. UNCTD. Commodity Prices, Capital Flows and the Financing of Investment. New York, NY: United Nations, 2008. Print. World Bank. World development indicators 2010. Washington, DC: World Bank, 2009. Print. This essay on Relationship between Trade and Development was written and submitted by user D'KenNeraman1 to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Changing Caption Numbering in Microsoft Word

Changing Caption Numbering in Microsoft Word Changing Caption Numbering in Microsoft Word We’ve previously explained how to add captions to charts, tables and figures in Microsoft Word. But what should you do if the default caption style or numbering doesn’t suit your needs? Maybe, for example, your college style guide recommends a different formatting for captions than the standard style in Word. Or maybe you want to use an alternative numbering system. Luckily, this is all easy to achieve via the â€Å"Style† options in Word. Editing Caption Style If you want to use a different font for captions, you could go through them all changing this manually. However, it’s much quicker to change the caption style instead (instructions apply for Word 2007 and later): Go to the â€Å"Styles† section of the â€Å"Home† tab and find â€Å"Caption† Right click â€Å"Caption† and select â€Å"Modify† to open a new window The Styles menu. Pick the font and formatting options required Click â€Å"OK† to apply the new style Modifying the Caption style. If the â€Å"Caption† style isn’t showing in the â€Å"Home† tab, you may have to click the little arrow in the bottom corner to open the â€Å"Styles† sidebar. If it still isn’t showing, click â€Å"Options† here and make sure that â€Å"All styles† is selected in the â€Å"Select styles to show† menu. Style pane options. Creating a New Caption Style For even greater customization, you can even create a brand new caption style. To do this: Open the â€Å"Styles† sidebar and click the â€Å"New Style† button Creating a new style. In the new window, select â€Å"Caption† in the â€Å"Style based on† menu Select the font and formatting options required Type a name for your new style in the â€Å"Name† box (e.g., â€Å"Caption 2† or â€Å"Custom Caption†) Click â€Å"OK† to create your style To ensure that the font changes back to the paragraph style once you’ve written a caption and hit â€Å"Enter,† you may also want to select â€Å"Normal† from the â€Å"Style for following paragraph† menu. You can also create a new style via the style menu on the main ribbon by selecting Create a Style and clicking Modify to bring up the full set of style options. Creating a style via the main ribbon. Writing Custom Captions When you add captions using â€Å"Insert Caption,† Microsoft Word numbers them automatically according to the label assigned (e.g., â€Å"Figure 1,† Figure 2,† â€Å"Figure 3,† and so on). However, if you don’t want to use this numbering system (e.g., if you want captions in your dissertation to include the chapter number, so the figures in the first chapter are labelled â€Å"Figure 1a,† â€Å"Figure 1b,† â€Å"Figure 1c,† etc.) you’ll need to add captions manually. You can do this by selecting the relevant â€Å"Caption† style from the style menu, placing the cursor where you want the caption to appear in your document, and simply typing the caption desired. You can even use different caption styles for tables, charts and figures if you create a style for each! If you do, though, don’t forget that when adding a list of tables, charts or figures, you’ll need to select the relevant style when creating the list. To do this: Click â€Å"Insert Table of Figures† to open the menu Inserting a table of charts/figures. Click â€Å"Options† to open a new window Under the â€Å"Style† menu, pick the relevant caption style and click â€Å"OK† Custom caption options. Click â€Å"OK† in the main â€Å"Insert Table of Figures† menu to create your list You can then list each of the different caption types separately, which is useful if you have large numbers of illustrations, charts and tables that you want to keep distinct from one another.

Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 2

Law - Essay Example Throughout, the law treated the threat of physical injury as assault while battery was considered the complete contact to cause harm. This version of the distinction is no longer valid as compared to the physical contact hence null and void. For Hilder to be taken to the hospital after being hit by the husband with a chair leg by the husband Billy is a clear example of Assault or battery to mention. The act is worsened when Billy further exposes their violent acts to the public through putting a slap on the face of the nurse, which prompts the calling of the police to arrest Hilder’s husband. The arrest of Billy for assault is much in pace and if prosecuted would be liable because there is the medical evidence of physical injury and as well the two children aged five and eight also could act as witnesses to the aggravated violence case. This is because assault or battery are an example of the widely known criminal offenses given that their occurrence vividly brings to the mind s of the victims scenes of fight or violence in line of the aggravated acts (Brannigan 2012). Legally the two terms or concepts are quite distinct and hence their punishments are quite different with the determination of battery attracting vast penalty as compared to whether it is simply an assault. In their determination and proof against or for the parties concerned in the argument, have to clearly breakdown the concepts into their respective elements. In handling of this case we will look at the case clearly while even defining all the defenses available for the accuse persons and the look at the penalties to be faced in the cases of the sentences by the respective offenders (Gore 2007). The act by Billy on the wife Hilder will amount to assault due to the mere fact that the definition of assault and battery is nowadays not factually differentiated. Otherwise, the factual definition of assault as it remains in the other states is that the conviction for assault will still need th e existence of the criminal act since an assault will require a direct act to put another individual to a reasonable fear. This therefore dispels the notion of spoken words alone being considered assault not until the offender backs them up with relevant actions that make the recipient in a position of foreseeing imminent danger (Reddington & Kreisel 2005). For a person to be considered to have committed an assault the individual only needs to have shown the general intents, Billy though has gone further to hit both his wife and the nurse intensely injuring the wife after he pretends to be going to see the wife in the hospital which is the most unlikely case they would witness. It means that someone can hardly assault another person accidentally but they have to act in a manner likely to amount to a cause of terror to the offenders. Therefore, if an individual acts in a way that's considered dangerous to other people that can be enough to support assault charges, even if they didn't intend a particular harm to a particular individual which will be in the intention to scare or frighten the

Management and Organisational Behaviour Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 2

Management and Organisational Behaviour - Essay Example These are the guidelines that every organization in today’s era aims to establish in order to be successful. Motivation is the thing that gets people to work and perform better. It is the driving force for the employees. However, it is important to note that different people have different motivators in different stages of life. As highlighted by Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs, there are five broad categories that might act as motivators for different people. These are Physiological Needs, Security Needs, Social Needs, Esteem Needs, and on top of the pinnacle lies the Self Actualization Need. Depending on the level an individual is, these needs act as motivators for him or her, result in satisfaction and consequently effects his or her performance. (Wagner, n.d.) Motivation will have almost no effect if the person involved has no intentions or is unable to do a job. Therefore, it is very important for the person who is in the managing or the leadership position to allocate the tasks depending on the person and the skills that he or she has. Proper execution of this is so important that if an employee is made to work on a particular task that he is unwilling or unable to do, then, even with motivators in place, it might back fire and result in depression and low morale. This would consequently lead to low overall performance. (Marques, n.d.) There has been a prevailing mindset in the managers that eliminating job dissatisfaction would result in job satisfaction for the employees. But this is not the case. As pointed out by the theorist Frederick Herzberg, job satisfaction and job dissatisfaction depend on different factors. (Herzberg, et al., 2009) Herzberg in his motivation theories highlights that job dissatisfaction is caused by factors such as unpleasant working conditions, poor or biased supervision, low salaries, improper policies, and so on. Eliminating these might remove job dissatisfaction

Black Box And White Box Comparison Computer Science Essay

Black Box And White Box Comparison Computer Science Essay Testing is an important activity for checking the correctness of system implementations. We need to find out bugs in the system on unit level as well as on the integration or system level of testing. At unit level, we use white box testing approach to find bugs in the developed code whereas at integration or system level we use black box testing approach to validate the system functionality. In this paper, we will focus on these two widely used black box and white box approaches of software testing. We will compare various features of both approaches and find out which approach is useful on different stages of testing to find bugs in the softwares. Software testing is an important component of software engineering field and very important technique for improving software quality. There are two main techniques for software testing, white box testing and black box testing. Black box testing deals with the functionality of the system and is based on the software requirements. Black box testing is performed in user perspective while giving some input data and getting the valid output. White box testing is concerned with the inner design and structure of the system. White box testing is very helpful to find bugs in the softwares at initial level of testing. A couple of papers describe the black box and white box testing techniques while highlighting different features of both techniques [1] [2]. These papers also tell the advantages and disadvantages of both approaches and explained on which stages these approaches can be used. The papers also mentioned the testing cost and the tester skills for both the testing types. In this paper, we will look into detail in black box and white box testing. We will highlight their main technique and different features for both approaches. Based on their features, we will take a comparison of both techniques and we will analyze which technique is feasible for testing on certain stages of the software testing. As white box testing is used on the unit level and black box testing is used in integration or system level testing. So, using only white box or black box testing is not sufficient to find all bugs in the software. Both approaches have their own importance in testing softwares and finding bugs on different levels of the software testing. This paper is organized as follows. Section 2 of this paper describes black box testing method in detail. Section 3 includes the detail of white box testing approach used to test software projects. Section 4 describes a comparison of both the testing approaches white box and black box testing. Section 5 concludes the paper. BLACK BOX TESTING Black box testing treats the system as a  black-box, so it doesnt explicitly use Knowledge of the internal structure or code. [1] Therefore black box testing is performed while giving inputs and getting the expected output. Black box testing verifies the correctness of the softwares behaviour and is referred as behaviour coverage. The focus of the black box testing is on functionality of the system. Black box testing requirement includes software requirements, uses cases only executable program and its data. These requirements are usually met during the middle phase of the development lifecycle when large pieces of code begin to operate together. Black box testing is performed when we do not have the source code. As the programming completes, its packaged as larger components of the code. This package is built by compiling, linking or binding the executable codes to demonstrate the collective code execution behaviour with inputs and outputs. [3] Here is the Black box testing diagram. Input Test data System Output Test results Diagram .1, Black box Testing Black Box Testing Techniques Developers usually focus on the positive testing by validating the expected behaviour of the code. Tester add values to black box testing by executing both positive and negative testing because the tester knows that most of the defects are found from the unexpected behaviour. Here are the techniques of Black box testing. Equivalence class technique In this technique the software data is divided into partitions of data and test cases are derived from it. This technique ensures that test cases are derived to cover partitioned data. According to this method one test case is enough for each partition to check the behaviour of the program. By using equivalence class technique test cases can be reduced because all test cases of a partition will not find any new faults in the program. The recommended black box approach for selecting equivalence class values includes values at the beginning, in the middle and end of the data range. We can understand this technique more with the help of the example. [3] Let us assume that a security system have to validate 5000 log on IDs when in production. Now tester can validate each logon IDs or on the other hand tester knows that there are only three categories of IDs clerks, supervisors, managers. Now sample from each category will be sufficient for the validation. Let us consider 50 logon IDs from each category. During validation if any of the 50 logon IDs for a given category is not accepted, increase the sample size of logon IDs for that category and continue testing. If the initial samples of 150 IDs for all three categories are correctly accepted then the tester has achieved the desired test results using only 3% of the possible test data. Boundary Value Analysis technique In this technique the analysis is extended of beginning and ending inputs value possibilities of an equivalence class. The boundary values are around the beginning and ending of a portion and functional errors from input and output data occurs around these boundaries. The boundary analysis begins by identifying smallest value increment in a specific equivalence class. This increment of smallest value is called boundary value epsilon. [3] It is used to calculate +/- value around the beginning and ending values in an equivalence class. If we take the above example then the boundary value for each category would be 49, 50, 51 for 50 value and 149, 150, 151 for 150 equivalence value. Equivalence classes remain smaller even by the addition of boundary test values. Expected result coverage Technique The expected result coverage technique focus on output test values for related input values. To get the expected results we need to find the business rules in the application requirement. The difference between expected results and actual results for any combination of input should cause further analysis to determine if the difference is faulty test design, unclear ambiguous rules or program error. [3] Error Guessing In this technique, Tester judge where bugs or errors can be hidden. Tester tests the application with the past experience and creates test cases to validate the different tasks. There is no specific tool used for this technique. Advantages of Black Box testing Here are the advantages to black box testing: Ease of Use Black Box testing is not involved in the inner functionality of the application so it is easy for the tester to create test cases by simple working through the application. Black box testers dont need high skills in programming rather low skilled persons can do black box testing. Quicker Test Case Development Test cases can be developed quickly because tester concerns only with the user interface. There is no need to identify the internal paths that may be involves in a specific process. The tester will cover the UI paths that a user may take so it makes quicker test development. [2] Simplicity Using black box testing even complex applications can be tested, that focuses on valid and invalid inputs and ensuring that the correct out puts are received. Issues of Black box testing The Followings are the few issues of black box testing approach. Fragility User interface interaction makes script fragile. The reason is because the UI may not be rendered constantly from time to time on different platforms. Unless the tool is capable dealing with difference in UI rendering, it is likely that test cases will fail to execute properly. [2] Lack of introspection One of the drawbacks of the black box testing is that it cannot look into inner logic of the application unlike the white box testing. Therefore black box testing can never test an application fully. Failure reason Another issue with the black box testing, it does not found the reason of the failure. It does not tell what causes the failure in the system. So pure black box testing does not guarantee 100% coverage of the tested component. WHITE BOX TESTING The white box testing involves the inner logic of the program and the test cases are constructed from the source code of the program. It is based on the knowledge of how the system is implemented. White box testing includes analyses of data flow, control flow, information flow, coding practice, exception and error handling within the system, to test the intended and unintended behaviour of the system. [1] White box testing requires access to the source code. When the code is developed, white box testing can be performed any time in the life cycle but it is good practice to perform white box testing during the unit level testing. The first step in white box testing is to analyze available design documentation, source code knowing what make software secure is a fundamental requirement. Second, to create tests that exploits software. Third thing is to perform testing effectively; testers need to know the techniques and tools used for the white box testing. White box testing normally do by the developers as an extension of code debugging activity. The developers usually focus on making the code work, which gives them the tendency to debug only the code they know works. Software testers add value to developer debugging activity by helping the developer plan and debug more of the code than usual. The more the logic test coverage attain while debugging, the fewer the defect will be discovered later by other kinds of testing. The earlier these defects can be discovered, the less expensive they are to correct. Research has not yet produced a white box approach that guarantees 100% logic test coverage for all situations. [3] Here is the diagram for white box testing. Static Analysis Manual Automated Inspection Walkthrough Symbolic Execution Static Verification Diagram .2, White Box Testing White Box Testing Techniques: White box testing verifies the correctness of the softwares statements, code paths, conditions, loops and data flow. The prerequisites of white box testing include the software requirements, use cases, the executable program, its data and its source code. Here are the techniques used for white box testing. Statement Coverage Technique This technique focuses on determining what percentage of the source code lines in a program has been executed. If there are 5,000 lines of source code in a program and you can determine manually or with a tool that you have executed 4,537 lines of source code, then you have achieved 90.7% statement coverage. A hypothesis in this context is that the higher the source code test coverage, the fewer will be the defects found later. The practical conclusion is the that new, unexecuted code lines are just a software time bomb waiting to explode at the most inopportune moment in production. [3] The question is not if they will explode, only the question is when. Branch coverage technique This technique focus on determining what percentage of source code branch (true/false) logic in a program has been executed. Suppose if there are 1,500 source code branch points in a program and we can determine manually or with a tool that we have executed 1,145 branches by counting true and false branch executions separately then we have achieved 76.3% branch point coverage. [3] The co-occurrence of unexecuted branches with unexecuted statements is found most often in untested error recovery logic. Testing simple condition branches before the compound condition branches requires fewer initial test actions. The developer needs to choose a test value that will force a true branch and any test value that will force a false branch, just two test values per branch. Compound Condition Coverage Technique This technique extends the branch coverage technique to branches with compound conditions, ones that contain combinations of Boolean operators AND, OR and NOT along with pairs of parenthesis, possible nested. In this technique, the challenge is to identify all the test value combinations that will evaluate to true and false for every simple condition and every Boolean combination of simple condition. Path Coverage Technique This technique focus on determining what percentage of source code paths in a program have been traversed completely. A source code path is the sequence of program statements from the first executable statement through a series of arithmetic, replacement input/out, branch and looping statements to a return/stop/end/exit statement. [3] If there are 943 different paths through a program and we can determine manually or with a tool that we have executed 766 of them, then we have achieved 81% path coverage. The underlying hypothesis is that the higher the path test coverage, the fewer will be the defect found later. Loop Coverage Technique This technique focus on determining what percentage of source code loop in a program has been cycled completely. In the programming languages, there are several loops like DO, FOR, WHILE and UNTIL. Some of the loops are a clever construct of IF statements and subsequent returns to these IF statements. The objective of the loop testing is to force the program through the loop zero time, one time, n/2 times (n is terminal loop value) n times and n+1 times. The one-time loop, n/2-time loop and n-time loop validate expected loop response at the beginning, middle and end of the longest loop. The zero-time and n+1 time loop tests for unexpected and inappropriate looping conditions. Advantages of White Box Testing Here is the list of the few common advantages of white box testing. Introspection Introspection is the ability to look inside the application and tester can identify objects programmatically. [2] It is helpful when UI changes frequently or the UI yet not known, It allows testing to proceed. In some situations it decreases the fragility of the test script provided the names of an object do not change. Stability White box testing delivers greater stability and reusability of test cases if the objects that include an application never change. Thoroughness White box testing is very helpful technique, where it is essential to know that every path has been thoroughly tested, that every possible internal interaction has been examined. [2] This technique gives tester the ability to be more thorough in terms of how much an application they can test. Issues with White box testing The issues with the white box testing are listed below: Complexity: The tester must have detailed programmatic knowledge of the application in order to test with white box testing technique. White box testing involves the internal logic of the applications code so this complexity requires highly skilled testers to develop test cases. Fragility Although introspection overcomes the issue of application changes breaking test scripts but the reality is that often the names of objects changes during product development. White box testing requires test scripts to be tightly tied to the underlying code of an application means that changes to the code will often cause white box test scripts to break. [2] Then it introduces a high degree of script maintenance into the testing process. Integration Due to the highly integrated nature of white box testing tools many do not provide support for more than one platform usually windows. In those companies where companies have applications that run on other platforms, they either need to use different tool or need to test manually. [2] COMPARING BLACK BOX AND WHITE BOX TESTING FEATURES Black box testing based on requirements, therefore also called behavioral or functional testing technique, whereas white box testing is based on the internal logic and structure of the project therefore also called structural testing. Black box testing creates test data without any aspect of the software structure, so this technique does not consider how the test object has been implemented but what its requirements are. On the other hand, in white box testing, the tests are derived from the structure of the tested object and tests are based on the actual implementation. [5] Black box testing methodology is used in integration level or system level because it does not need to look into source code but just need to execute a system by using input data and output result. On the other hand, white box testing is used for logical and analytic test in unit test level. Black box tester can be less technical in programming and has no bonds with the code so tester perception is very simple white box tester needs programming skills to identify and test all paths through the software. [3] In black box testing, test case can be designed as soon as the functional specifications are complete whereas in white box testing, test can be designed as the program code is developed. Black box tester used to verify contradiction in actual system and the specifications whereas white box tester chooses test case inputs to exercise paths through the code and determines the appropriate output. It reveals all errors hidden in the code. [6] Black box testing focuses on results and the user experience whereas white box testing focuses on the internal working and making sure that the application works as efficiently as possible. White box testing is time consuming especially when applied to the whole system but it directly identifies more bugs in the software. In black box testing, inputs need to be from large sample space to find expected results. There are some bugs that cannot be found using only black box or only white box testing. In black box, it is difficult to identify all possible inputs in the limited testing time so writing test cases is slow and difficult. In white box testing, it is not possible to test each and every path of the loop in a program so exhaustive testing is impossible for large systems. In black box testing some of the code may not be reachable without extraordinary measures, whereas white box testing does not tell if all the functionality has been implemented in the program. The comprehensive test coverage may be achieved only when black box and white box testing techniques are combined because both methodologies include various benefits of application testing. CONCLUSION As discussed above, Black box testing validates the functionality of the software and ensures that the system is working correctly according to the user requirements. Black box testing is less expensive as compare to white box testing and can be performed by the less technical individuals but Black box approach does not cover the comprehensive testing of the system. On the other hand, White box testing checks the internal structure, inner loops, conditions and logic of the code to verify the working of the code. White box testing is expensive and is performed by the skilled and technical individuals, but as the software size is getting huge, it is difficult to check out all parts of source code during integration or system level testing. As both testing methods have some pros and cons when applied on certain levels of testing. So using only one testing approach cannot guarantee bug free software. In the conclusion, we can say that the comprehensive testing of the system may be achieved by using both of the techniques for the software testing. White box testing can be used with black box testing to improve overall test effectiveness.

Spyware Essay -- Spyware Research Papers

Spyware I. Introduction Slowly but surely, the computer I use at home was getting slower and slower. Whenever I would connect to the Internet, simple tasks such as web browsing and checking e-mail would take longer amounts of time to complete than usual. Although my 56K modem was slow by today’s standards, I knew that it would not bottleneck the system while opening simple web sites such as Google. This was a shock to me since I pride myself on running a streamlined and clean computer. It was even more puzzling since the only continuously running program I allow is an Anti-Virus program. I checked the Windows Task Manager and to my surprise, my CPU usage was hovering around 80%, yet no other programs were running! I immediately started researching the problem on the Internet and quickly found the problem that matched my computer’s symptoms, spyware. I downloaded a spyware detection and removal utility; fortunately my problem was resolved. It detected three unique spyware programs runni ng on my computer and quickly removed them. My computer returned to normal operating speed and I felt safe knowing no more spyware was on my computer. II. What is Spyware? Spyware is the general term for â€Å"describing software whose purpose is to collect demographic and usage information from your computer, usually for advertising purposes. The term is also used to describe software that ‘sneaks’ onto the system or performs other activities hidden to the user.†1 Basically, spyware is a program that runs in the background of a computer, unbeknownst to the user, that has multiple abilities. The most non-intrusive task is using spyware as a form of copy protection. Intuit, the company that produces the popular tax program TurboT... ...eve Gibson, â€Å"The Anatomy of File Download Spyware,† Gibson Research Corporation, (4 March 2003). 6. Jason Anders, â€Å"Net Filter Spies on Kids’ Surfing,† Wall Street Journal, 25 January 2001, 1. 7. Jason Anders, â€Å"Net Filter Spies on Kids’ Surfing,† Wall Street Journal, 25 January 2001, 2. 8. George Lawton, â€Å"Invasive Software: Who’s Inside Your Computer?† Computer, July 2002, 15. 9. John Borland and Rachel Konrad, â€Å"PC Invaders Camp Out in Hard Drives,† Cnet News, 18 April 2002, (4 March 2003). 10. Ed Foster, â€Å"Sneakwrapping a Virus,† Infoworld, 4 November 2002, 64. 11. Staff Writer, â€Å"Sen. Edwards Intro’s ‘Spyware Control Act,’† Financial Times, 9 October 2000, 1. 12. Staff Writer, â€Å"Sen. Edwards Intro’s ‘Spyware Control Act,’† Financial Times, 9 October 2000, 1.

Data Definition Language Essay

Describe the ways in which database technologies could be used by an office stationery supply company to achieve low-cost leadership. Answer: Sales databases could be used to make the supply chain more efficient and minimize warehousing and transportation costs. You can also use sales databases, as well as text mining and sentiment analysis, to determine what supplies are in demand by which customers and whether needs are different in different geographical areas. Business intelligence databases could be used to predict future trends in office supply needs, to help anticipate demand, and to determine the most efficient methods of transportation and delivery. Identify and describe three basic operations used to extract useful sets of data from a relational database. Answer: The select operation creates a subset consisting of all records (rows) in the table that meets stated criteria. The join operation combines relational tables to provide the user with more information than is available in individual tables. The project operation creates a subset consisting of columns in a table, permitting the user to create new tables that contain only the information required. List and describe three main capabilities or tools of a DBMS. Answer: A data definition capability to specify the structure of the content of the database. This capability would be used to create database tables and to define the characteristics of the fields in each table. A data dictionary to store definitions of data elements in the database and their characteristics. In large corporate databases, the data dictionary may capture additional information, such as usage; ownership; authorization; security; and the individuals, business functions, programs, and reports that use each data element. A data manipulation language, such as SQL, that is used to add, change, delete, and retrieve the data in the database. This language contains commands that permit end users and programming specialists to extract data from the database to satisfy information requests and develop applications.

Cosmetic Surgery Surgery And Surgery Essay - 1074 Words

Cosmetic surgery is unlikely to change your life; it just changes your outward appearance to others. Cosmetic surgery can be very successful, but it is not risk-free; even though laser cosmetic surgery poses fewer risks than invasive surgery. After selecting and meeting with physicians for your cosmetic surgery, you will have to pick the one that fits your budget and personality. As people grow older, certain things play a big role in making skin look wrinkly and old that cosmetic surgery cannot correct. Although cosmetic surgery is progressively becoming more within everybody s financial range, the thought of everyone getting plastic surgery is not really good. Cosmetic surgery can be a benefit to those that want or need it in their eyes; but like all surgeries, there are risks involved. For many patients of today, plastic surgery actually works by making them feel better about themselves. Altering ones appearance is something that doctor s do in the practice of cosmetic surgery, but sometimes expectations cannot be matched to the patient s desires. A tummy tuck is also known as abdominoplasty and is thought of as a major surgical procedure within the practice of cosmetic surgery. Laser cosmetic surgery poses fewer risks than invasive surgery, but it is not risk-free by any means. Although cosmetic surgery is capable of providing some great benefits, it has a few disadvantages that cannot be unnoted. Some people think about having cosmetic surgery after certain lifestyleShow MoreRelatedCosmetic Surgery : Surgery And Surgery2299 Words   |  10 PagesSydnee Mangette Cosmetic Surgery Beauty is in the eye of the beholder, but this statement is often ignored today. Beauty is very much valued in our society today, and to become more beautiful, people look to cosmetic surgery. There are two categories of cosmetic surgery: invasive and minimally invasive surgeries. Minimally invasive surgeries, like laser hair removal, are often called surface treatments. These procedures require little time and no cuts or actual surgery procedures are performedRead MorePlastic Surgery : Cosmetic And Cosmetic Surgery879 Words   |  4 PagesI) Definition Cosmetic and plastic surgery According to the merriam-Webster website, plastic surgery is another common word for Cosmetic Surgery which means, in general, a type of operation to improve parts of the body. The medical term of Plastic Surgery comes from Greek in 1638. Cosmetic is a type of ornamental surgery which helps patients to reform and rebuild part or demonstrative of their body in order to embellish their appearance and be beautiful. The defect for that could be congenitalRead MoreCosmetic Plastic Surgery : Cosmetic Surgery994 Words   |  4 PagesOther failures related to cosmetic plastic surgery are often linked to the use of Botox. For instance, e all know or have seen this one person who has received an excess of Botox injections and ended up having unnaturally, protruding cheeks. Although using Botox is nonsurgical, it is still classified as cosmetic plastic surgery because it restrains our muscles from carrying out any movement. Many people believe that since this process does not involve cutting t hrough a patient’s skin, it does entailRead MorePlastic Surgery And Cosmetic Surgery1496 Words   |  6 PagesPlastic surgery has become an extremely popular trend throughout the past years of the American culture. There are many reasons why people get plastic surgery, however, our society is the first to judge an individual for getting a procedure done. The controversy regarding plastic surgery is extremely relevant and has received major attention through celebrities, television, and social media. However, many individuals are unaware that there is a difference between both plastic surgery and cosmetic surgeryRead MorePlastic Surgery And Cosmetic Surgery1480 Words   |  6 Pagessociety, women lose countless nights in depression. People have found a way to overcome this problem, its plastic surgery. People are spending billions on achieving the perfect body and face, and they feel good about it. They say it makes them more confident and now they can get rid of all their problems. People find cosmetic surgery more appealing than therapy. And think that plastic surgery has more finer results than therapy. It has been taken as the new trend. And you will find people of all agesRead MoreCosmetic Surgery : Plastic Surgery1836 Words   |  8 Pagesin Norfolk, Va.† (Goleman, 1991). I know many of you have heard of cosmetic surgery, also known as â€Å"plastic surgery†. Many people have considered cosmetic surgery in order to feel better about their self. 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The majority of people that have an opinion of cosmetic surgery, think that it’s the worst part of the new society and feels like the people that get the procedure done are weak and are easilyRead MorePlastic Surgery And Cosmetic Surgery2042 Words   |  9 PagesPlastic Surgery In today’s culture, plastic surgery has become very popular in this society. When people think of plastic surgery, they think of cosmetic surgery. Although both plastic surgery and cosmetic surgery deal with enhancing a person’s body, the training, research, and the goals for patients are different. Therefore, both specialties are entirely different from one another. According to the American Board of Cosmetic Surgery, Plastic Surgery is defined as a surgical specialty dedicatedRead MoreCosmetic Surgery1251 Words   |  6 PagesThe Negative and Positive Effects of Cosmetic Surgery Are you considering cosmetic surgery? The numbers of individuals electing these surgeries are growing rapidly each year. Much of this rapid growth is because of advances in technology that have made plastic surgery techniques both safer and more affordable, as well as cutting down on recovery time. Cosmetic surgery improves body image and self-esteem and reconstructive surgery fixes irregularities such as hereditary disorders, birthRead MoreCosmetic Surgery1507 Words   |  7 PagesShould cosmetic surgery be encouraged to the general public? Cosmetic surgery is defined as â€Å"any medical operation which is intended to improve a person’s appearance rather than their health† (Cambridge Dictionary, 2003, p.275). By definition, cosmetic surgery is a common practice used to modify the physical outlook of people, especially for women. This is definitely a luxury, which is not necessary to the public. Starting from the 20th century, however, cosmetic surgery is no longer a luxury